HIV components
HIV is a Lentivirus, part of the Retroviridae. The virion contains single-stranded RNA, wich is into the hosts genome upon retro-transcription into DNA.
The integrated form of HIV-1 is known as the provirus, which is approximately 9.8 kilobases in length. The genes of HIV are located in the central region of the proviral DNA and encode at least nine proteins. The major structural proteins, Gag, Pol, and Env; the regulatory proteins, Tat and Rev and the accessory proteins, Vpu, Vpr, Vif, and Nef.
HIV transcription is mediated by a single promoter in the 5' LTR. Expression from the 5' LTR generates a 9-kb primary transcript that has the potential to encode all nine HIV genes. The primary transcript can be spliced into one of more than 30 mRNA species or packaged without further modification into virion particles (to serve as the viral RNA genome). We have depicted the complex virion with its different components.
HIV research has revealed many fascinating insights into the molecular biology of gene regulation and the immune system. However, while modern therapy allows infected individuals to live a widely normal life nowadays, many challenges remain. These include stable transfection rates, access to medication including preventive medicine and suitable treatments for children.
The integrated form of HIV-1 is known as the provirus, which is approximately 9.8 kilobases in length. The genes of HIV are located in the central region of the proviral DNA and encode at least nine proteins. The major structural proteins, Gag, Pol, and Env; the regulatory proteins, Tat and Rev and the accessory proteins, Vpu, Vpr, Vif, and Nef.
HIV transcription is mediated by a single promoter in the 5' LTR. Expression from the 5' LTR generates a 9-kb primary transcript that has the potential to encode all nine HIV genes. The primary transcript can be spliced into one of more than 30 mRNA species or packaged without further modification into virion particles (to serve as the viral RNA genome). We have depicted the complex virion with its different components.
HIV research has revealed many fascinating insights into the molecular biology of gene regulation and the immune system. However, while modern therapy allows infected individuals to live a widely normal life nowadays, many challenges remain. These include stable transfection rates, access to medication including preventive medicine and suitable treatments for children.
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